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Biological dosimetry for persons irradiated by the Chernobyl accident (1996)

Auteur	D.C.Lloyd
Datum	1996
Classificatie	2.34.8.11/23 (TSJERNOBYL - ONGELUK & OMGEVING - MEDISCH/MUTATIES)
Voorkant

2. BACKGROUND

The ECP-6 project had the aim of fostering collaboration between researchers in 
biological dosimetry in EU countries with their counterparts in the three CIS countries 
principally affected by the Chernobyl accident, namely Russia, Belarus and Ukraine. 
At the time of the accident such collaboration did not exist
Beginning right from the time of the accident there was a need to establish doses 
received by individuals and this need continues today. Initially the need was to assist 
in the clinical response to the accident; the ongoing need is now for dosimetry for 
assisting epidemiological studies on populations whose members essentially showed 
no overt signs of exposure. In the period of a few weeks immediately after the 
accident there was little prospect of estimating doses by physical methods for the 
highly irradiated subjects; reactor staff, fire-fighters and early liquidators. At that 
time biological dosimetry by chromosomal analysis was carried out. This entailed a 
Very effective mobilization of Soviet cytogenetic resources. Several hundred persons 
who showed early symptoms of radiation exposure were studied, and dose estimates 
made that contributed to the clinical evaluation and treatment of the patients. The 
studies have also provided an immensely valuable input to the overall scientific 
evaluation of the consequences of the accident. Several of the CIS laboratories in 
ECP-6 were involved in that immediate response to the accident and much of the 
coordination at that time was undertaken by Prof. A. V. Sevan'kaev, the CIS co-
ordinator in ECP-6. A number of western cytogenetics laboratories, including ECP-6 
participants, wished to offer their assistance in 1986 but at that time the state of 
east/west collaboration and communication was so deplorable that no western 
scientist took part in the early studies. ECP-6 has made a significant contribution 
to redressing that deficit.
The early biological dosimetry on the highly irradiated subjects was carried out by 
the traditional method, as practised since the mid 1960s, of examining peripheral 
blood lymphocytes for dicentric chromosomal aberrations. A number of CIS 
laboratories, including all in ECP-6, have also applied the dicentric analysis 
method since 1986 to other Chernobyl groups.

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