Publication Laka-library:
Inventory of Radioactive Material Resulting from Historical Dumping, Accidents and Losses at Sea IAEA-TECDOC-1776

AuthorIAEA
-
Date2015
Classification 6.01.5.52/26 (WASTE - SEA DUMPING (INCL. OSPAR))
Front

From the publication:

Inventory of Radioactive Material Resulting from Historical Dumping,
Accidents and Losses at Sea 
For the Purposes of the London Convention 1972 and London Protocol 1996
IAEA-TECDOC-1776
INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
VIENNA, 2015

1. INTRODUCTION
The Report of the United Nations Conference on Human Environment held in 
Stockholm in 1972 [1] defined general principles for environmental protection. 
One of the principles specifically addressed the protection of the marine 
environment by the development of a set of “General Principles for Assessment 
and Control of Marine Pollution”. Pursuant to Recommendation 86 of the 
Stockholm Conference, these principles for assessment and control of marine 
pollution were forwarded to an Inter-Governmental Conference held in London 
in 1972. This conference subsequently adopted the Convention on the Prevention 
of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter (initially known 
as the London Dumping Convention but now as the London Convention). Currently 
87 States are Contracting Parties to the London Convention. In 1996 a protocol 
was agreed for the purpose of modernizing the London Convention and eventually 
replacing it. The protocol is known as the London Protocol and currently has 
45 State parties. The London Convention entered into force on 30 August 1975 
and the London Protocol on 24 March 20061.
The Contracting Parties to the London Convention and Protocol agree to “promote 
the effective control of all sources of pollution of the marine environment, 
and pledge themselves especially to take all practicable steps to prevent the 
pollution of the sea by the dumping of wastes and other matter that is liable 
to create hazards to human health, to harm living resources and marine life, 
to damage amenities or to interfere with other legitimate uses of the sea” [2]. 
Contracting Parties to the London Convention and Protocol designated the IAEA
 as the competent international authority in matters related to sea disposal 
 of radioactive waste and entrusted IAEA with specific responsibilities, as 
 follows: 

 to define high level radioactive wastes or other high level radioactive 
matter unsuitable for dumping at sea, as listed in Annex I to the Convention;
 to recommend a basis for issuing special permits for dumping other 
radioactive materials listed in Annex II to the Convention.

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