Publication Laka-library:
A Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty: Signed but not Sealed. A review of the CTBT Negotations January-September 1996 (1997)
| Author | Disarmament Intelligence Review |
| Date | May 1997 |
| Classification | 6.03.2.10/08 (PROLIFERATION - CTBT / VERIFICATION / SIMULATION) |
| Front | 
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From the publication:
Introduction In 1954, India's Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, called for a worldwide comprehensive test ban treaty. The intention was to end the nuclear arms race, in which the United States and Soviet Union had just been joined by Britain. The leaders of the nuclear testing countries were also forced to the negotiating table by the growing environmental and health concerns about fallout from the atmospheric nuclear tests. Unable to agree on verification and inspections, Kennedy, Khrushchev and Macmillan settled for a Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT) in 1963. By banning only explosions in the atmosphere, outer space and under water, the three powers agreed that verification could be by their own national technical means (NTM) and would not have to rely on an international regime or intrusive inspections. They were also able to continue the nuclear arms race by intensifying their underground nuclear testing programmes. France and China, which have never signed the PTBT, conducted tests in the atmosphere until 1974 and 1980 respectively.
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