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Publicatie Laka-bibliotheek:
X-ray machine. Irridiation facilities of Euratom -ITAL (1963)

Auteur	ITAL, Euratom
Datum	mei 1963
Classificatie	1.01.8.60/10 (ITAL WAGENINGEN - ALGEMEEN)
Voorkant

X- RAY MACHINE

The X-ray machine occupies a special position among all the irradiation facilities 
available to the research worker, the reason being that it is comparatively 
inexpensive, easy to handle, only irradiates when in operation and generally 
speaking has an attractive output and field size, so that acute radiation of seeds, 
small plants and animals is readily applied. Since the dosimetry can also be 
regulated very accurately it is understandable that an apparatus of this type is 
very frequently used for radiobiological research in general and mutation 
breeding in particular.

TECHNICAL DETAILS.

The X-ray machine is a Philips 250/25 deep-therapy apparatus with a stabilized 
high tension adjustable from 50 to 250 kilovolt (kV) and a stabilized tube current 
adjustable from 5 to 25 milliampere (mA). The tube (with cooling, shielding, lead 
shutter, etc) can be moved vertically along a stand and can also be rotated in any 
direction, as a result of which the beam can be pointed up, down or horizontally 
(photograph 1). The dose rate depends on the voltage (kV), the amperage (mA), 
the focus distance employed (i.e. the distance between the focus in the tube and 
the irradiated object) (see graph on page 1 0) and the presence or absence of a 
filter between the focus and the object. The dose is the product of dose rate and 
irradiation time. The hardness of the radiation depends on the voltage used (kV); 
with a higher voltage the continuous spectrum moves in the direction of harder 
radiation.

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