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Russian nuclear energy diplomacy and its implications for energy security in the context of the war in Ukraine (2023)

Auteur	Kacper Szulecki, Indra Overland
	2-34-6-50-08.pdf
Datum	februari 2023
Classificatie	2.34.6.50/08 (RUSLAND - EXPORT / ROSATOM)
Opmerking	Published in Nature, March 2023. Received: 4 May 2022 Accepted: 10 February 2023 Published online: 27 February 2023
Voorkant

Russian nuclear energy diplomacy and its implications for energy security in the context of the war in Ukraine
Kacper Szulecki, Indra Overland
Nature, March 2023
Received: 4 May 2022
Accepted: 10 February 2023
Published online: 27 February 2023

Since Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022, the possibility of reducing Europe's 
energy dependence on Russian resources has been hotly debated. The fossil fuel 
industries received most attention as European Union leaders first introduced gradual 
sanctions on Russian coal and later on oil and gas. However, Russia's role as a major
player in the global nuclear power sector has remained mainly below the sanctions radar,
despite dependencies on Russian nuclear technology, uranium supplies and handling of 
spent nuclear fuel. Here we analyse the state nucelar company Rosatom and its 
subsidiaries as tools of Russian energy statecraft. We map the company's global 
portfolio then categorize countries where Russia is active according to degree and
intensity of dependence. We offer a taxonomy of long-term energy dependencies,
highlighting specific security risks associated with each of them. We conclude that the
war and Russia's actions in the energy sector will undermine Rosatom's position in 
Europe and damage its reputation as a reliable supplier, but its global standing
remain strong.