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Publicatie Laka-bibliotheek:
A Summary History; Department of Energy 1977 - 1994 (1994)

AuteurUS DOE
Datumnovember 1994
Classificatie 3.01.0.00/26 (VS - ALGEMEEN)
Voorkant

Uit de publicatie:

THE UNITED STATES 
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, 1977-1994
A SUMMARY HISTORY

INTRODUCTION

On October 1, 1977, the Department of Energy became the twelfth cabinet-level 
department in the Federal Government. The new Department of Energy brought 
together within one agency two separate programmatic traditions that had long 
coexisted within the federal establishment.

The first tradition consisted of a loosely knit amalgamation of agencies, offices, 
and commissions scattered throughout the Federal Government dealing with 
various aspects of non-nuclear federal energy policy and programs. These included 
energy research, development, regulation, pricing, and conservation. Although the 
Federal Government had been involved in various energy programs for decades, 
the many entities responsible for energy research, development, production, or 
regulation usually had not coordinated their activities or policies.

The second tradition consisted of the Federal Governments activities in the field 
of nuclear energy. Beginning with World War II and the Manhattan Project effort 
to build the atomic bomb, the Federal Government dominated the development 
of nuclear energy in the United States. Bureaucratically centralized and security-
oriented, federal involvement was almost exclusively of a military nature until 
the mid-1950s when the Atomic Energy Commission began major efforts to 
commercialize nuclear power.

What made marriage between these two traditions possible in the Department of
Energy were two factors. First, the Atomic Energy Commissions activities in 
developing and commercializing nuclear energy represented the Federal 
Governments largest and most significant energy project from the 1950s into the 
early 1970s. Second, the energy crisis of the mid-1970s hastened a series of 
government reorganizations as both the executive and legislative branches sought 
to better coordinate federal energy policy and programs. The establishment of the 
Department of Energy brought most federal energy activities under one umbrella 
for the first time, but it also located a sizeable component dedicated to defense 
activities in the same organization.

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