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Preliminary dose assessment of Hanford historical releases 1945-1956 (1986)

Auteur	R.R.Mooney
Datum	september 1986
Classificatie	3.01.8.43/20 (VS - LOCATIES - HANFORD)
Voorkant

ASSUMPTIONS USED IN A PRELIMINARY DOSE ASSESSMENT

September 22, 1986

The first three sections below list the assumptions used in determining preliminary 
estimates of radiation doses to the thyroid and whole body. These doses, based 
upon environmental measurements of radionuclide concentrations, were computed 
for four age groups: infant, child, teenager and adult. The results represent dose 
commitments that could have been received by hypothetical individuals in 
Richland, Pasco and Spokane during the years 1945 through 1956. This includes 
the period of time when the releases from Hanford operations were the largest and 
when no routine annual dose assessments were performed and recorded. The latter 
portion of this time period also included heavy contributions from weapons testing 
fallout. No differentiation has yet been calculated between Hanford effects and 
fallout effects.

The assessment attempts to be conservative; that is, assumptions have been used 
which tend to increase the dose, yet be within the realm of real-world conditions. 
Thus, within the constraints imposed by the data, the doses are presumed to 
represent an approximate upper bound of a broad distribution of doses received 
by the populations.

The dose assessment is inherently limited by the amount and quality of 
environmental radiation information available in the historical documents. 
Concentrations of beta/gamma emitting radionuclides were obtained either directly 
from the data or the concentrations of those same radionuclides were inferred from 
gross beta data and assumed relative activities as described below. Radionuclides 
not included in this assessment include, among others, most of the transuranics 
such as plutonium and the low-energy beta emitters such as H-3 and C-14. These 
radionuclides would not affect the thyroid doses nor would they have any 
significant contribution to the whole body doses.

Due to the paucity of agricultural production and consumption data for that time 
period, dietary assumptions were taken from U.S. Nuclear Regulatory commission 
and U.S. Food and Drug Administration documents as described below. These 
dietary assumptions are currently used in performing dose assessments for the 
"maximum exposed individual" due to routine releases from nuclear power 
reactors. Regulatory Guide 1.109 of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory commission 
was used as the reference source for the dose modeling calculations.

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