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Nuclear power and fuel cycle - status and trends (1989)

AuteurIAEA
Datum1989
Classificatie 6.01.0.20/48 (BELANG MONDIAAL)
Voorkant

Uit de publicatie:

NUCLEAR POWER AND FUEL CYCLE

Status

NUCLEAR ELECTRICITY GENERATION

According to data in the IAEA 's Power Reactor information System (PRIS), at the 
end of 1988 there were 429 nuclear power reactors connected to electricity supply 
networks, with a total of 310 812 MW (e) of installed nuclear power generating 
capacity (Table I). There were also 105 power reactors under construction, with 
a total generating capacity of 84 871 MW (e). Accumulated operating experience 
reached approximately 5041 reactor-years.

During 1988 the world's total installed nuclear power generating capacity increased 
by about 4%, with 14 new reactors having a total capacity of 13 598 MW(e) being 
connected to the grid in eight countries: France the Federal Republic of Germany, 
Japan, the Republic of Korea, Spain, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the 
United Kingdom and the United States of America (Table II). Two power reactors 
were shut down in 1988, namely the 138 MW (e) Berkeley-B in the United Kingdom 
and the 197 MW (e) Novovoronezh-1 in the USSR. Construction work was started in 
1988 on six plants: in China (1), France (1), Japan (2), the USSR (l) and the United 
Kingdom (1). Construction work was suspended on seven reactors in Italy (3) and 
the USA (4); three others, in the USSR (2) and the USA (1), were cancelled while 
under construction.

Nuclear Power

Table III shows the distribution by country of the world's installed nuclear power 
generating capacity. States belonging to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation 
and Development (OECD) accounted for 251 293 MW (e), corresponding to 80.9% of 
world capacity in 1988, while States belonging to the Council for Mutual Economic 
Assistance (CMEA) contributed 43 011 MW (e), corresponding to 13.8%. The largest 
contributor was the USA with 30.7% of world capacity, followed by France with 
16.9%, the USSR with 10.9% and Japan with 9.1%.

Figure 1 shows the development of nuclear electricity generation for the period 1960 
to 1988. Nuclear electricity generation expanded rapidly in the 1970s and by 1980 had 
increased to 681.4 TW·h, almost a ninefold increase since 1970, and contributed 8.3% 
of the total electricity, representing an average annual growth of 24% in the decade 
1970-1980. In the period 1980-1985 nuclear electricity generation increased from 
681.4 to 1454.6 TW h, corresponding to an average annual growth of 16.4%. During 
1985-1988 generation increased from 1454.6 to 1794.9 TW·h, which corresponds to 
an average annual growth of 7.2%, reflecting a decrease in the number of new 
constructions being started in the late 1970s and early 1980s, a trend which is 
continuing. Currently, nuclear electricity generation accounts for nearly 17% of 
the total electricity produced in the world.

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