Stichting Laka

Publicatie Laka-bibliotheek:
Nuclear power and Safety in Central and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union (1993)

AuteurWorld Bank, IEA
Datummaart 1993
Classificatie 6.01.3.40/07 (VEILIGHEID - REACTOREN - OOSTEUROPEES ALGEMEEN)
Voorkant

Uit de publicatie:

NUCLEAR POWER AND SAFETY IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE

AND THE FORMER SOVIET UNION

An Overview of Alternative Scenarios and Strategies

Abstract

This report makes the following main points:

• Of total electricity generating capacity in six countries (Armenia, Bulgaria, 
Lithuania, Russia, Slovakia, and Ukraine) of about 298,000 MW, approximately 
20,600 or 7% are of a higher-risk type (RBMK, VVER 440/230).

• It would be technically and economically feasible to meet electricity demand 
in the six countries while closing these higher risk plants by the mid-1990s (low 
Nuclear Scenario). The investment cost, including nuclear safety upgrades under 
this scenario would be about $18 billion during 1993-2000 ($2.3 billion per annum) 
provided moderately-paced economic and energy reforms are pursued to manage 
electricity demand and improve utilization efficiency, and the primary alternative 
to nuclear power is gas-fired thermal plant.

• The investment cost under a High Nuclear Scenario, which includes upgrading 
and maintaining all higher risk and other nuclear plants in operation, would be 
about $24 billion during 1993-2000 ($3 billion per annum), assuming the same 
pace of reforms and consequent electricity demand.

• The Low Nuclear Scenario involves lower capital costs, and addresses the problem 
of nuclear safety more aggressively but the fossil fuel costs (mainly natural gas) 
would be about $3 billion higher per annum than for the High Nuclear Scenario.

• For a variety of reasons, including balance of payments concerns and different 
views about nuclear risks, many decision-makers in the countries favor the High 
Nuclear Scenario.

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