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Publicatie Laka-bibliotheek:
Most Dangerous Reactors (1995)

Auteur	US DOE, Office Of Energy Intelligence
Datum	april 1995
Classificatie	6.01.3.40/11 (VEILIGHEID - REACTOREN - OOSTEUROPEES ALGEMEEN)
Voorkant

Most Dangerous Reactors:
A 'Warnings Intelligence Project
February 1995

In response to the growing concern over the safety of Soviet-designed reactors, 
the DOE Office of Energy Intelligence established the Most Dangerous Reactors 
(MDR) project in 1993 for the express purpose of alerting U.S. policy-makers of 
imminent accident dangers in foreign commercial nuclear power plants. This 
warnings intelligence project predominately focuses on Soviet-designed reactors 
and attempts to single out those that are most likely to have an accident.

Many Soviet-designed reactors operating in the successor states to the Soviet Union 
pose significant safety risks because of inherent design deficiencies, deteriorating 
economies, politic turmoil and weak regulatory oversight. As a class, these reactors 
continue to experience serious incidents, raising the specter of another accident 
akin to Chernobyl.

The methodology used by the MDR project was developed by an expert panel with 
representatives from industry, academia: research, regulation, and intelligence. A 
reactor's relative accident proneness is gauged according to seven general criteria: 
plant design, conduct of operations, plant condition, regulatory oversight, external 
events, support infrastructure, and socio-political environment.

The MDR project has two principal products. The first, a Reactor Risk Profile (RRP),
is the primary vehicle used to alert U.S. government policy-makers of a nuclear power 
plant that has an abnormally high accident likelihood. In this report, the plant's 
overall safety grade, based on its performance in the seven key areas, is given along 
with a brief write-up of the major findings. The second product, a Reactor Accident 
Consequence (RAC) profile, summarizing the hypothetical consequences of various 
classes of accidents at a given site (including dose estimates, radionuclide release 
fractions, predominant wind patterns, local area industry, demographics and energy 
dependence).

To date, nine plants have been surveyed. The "preliminary" top four worst plants 
areChernobyl in Ukraine, Kozioduy in Bulgaria, Kola in Russia and Ignalina in 
Lithuania. Currently, the Metsamor plant in Armenia is under review.

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